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Like all medications, GLP-1 agonists can cause side effects. Most are mild and transient, but it's important to know about them. Here we review what the research shows.
Common Side Effects (>10% of patients)
Nausea is most common and occurs in approximately 20-40% initially. Other common symptoms are constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These usually decrease after 4-8 weeks.
Less Common Side Effects (1-10%)
Headache, dizziness, fatigue, dyspepsia, and flatulence. Injection site reactions occur but are rarely serious.
Rare but Serious Side Effects (<1%)
Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) is rare but requires immediate medical attention if severe abdominal pain occurs. Gallstone problems can occur with rapid weight loss. These are actively monitored in clinical studies.
Contact healthcare immediately if
Severe abdominal pain radiating to the back, persistent vomiting, or vision changes. Call 1177 or 112.
How we reduce side effect risk
- Slow dose escalation over several weeks
- Smaller meals and avoiding fatty food
- Good fluid intake
- Regular follow-up with doctor
